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Complete world geography and general knowledge guide covering continents, countries, oceans, rivers, mountains, deserts, straits, canals, boundary lines, and 50+ frequently tested MCQ facts for competitive exams.
World geography MCQs appear in every competitive exam. This guide covers continents, major countries, rivers, mountains, oceans, deserts, and essential GK facts that are frequently tested.
| Continent | Area (million sq km) | Population | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asia | 44.6 | 4.7 billion | Largest and most populous |
| Africa | 30.4 | 1.4 billion | Second largest, 54 countries |
| North America | 24.7 | 580 million | Third largest |
| South America | 17.8 | 430 million | Amazon rainforest |
| Antarctica | 14.2 | No permanent population | Coldest, driest, windiest continent |
| Europe | 10.2 | 750 million | Smallest mainland continent |
| Australia/Oceania | 8.5 | 42 million | Smallest by population |
| Rank | Country | Population | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | India | 1.44 billion | New Delhi |
| 2 | China | 1.42 billion | Beijing |
| 3 | USA | 340 million | Washington D.C. |
| 4 | Indonesia | 280 million | Jakarta (moving to Nusantara) |
| 5 | Pakistan | 240 million | Islamabad |
| 6 | Nigeria | 225 million | Abuja |
| 7 | Brazil | 215 million | Brasilia |
| 8 | Bangladesh | 170 million | Dhaka |
| 9 | Russia | 144 million | Moscow |
| 10 | Mexico | 130 million | Mexico City |
| Rank | Country | Area (million sq km) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia | 17.1 |
| 2 | Canada | 10.0 |
| 3 | USA | 9.8 |
| 4 | China | 9.6 |
| 5 | Brazil | 8.5 |
| 6 | Australia | 7.7 |
| 7 | India | 3.3 |
| Ocean | Area (million sq km) | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|
| Pacific | 165.3 | Largest and deepest ocean |
| Atlantic | 106.5 | Second largest, busiest shipping routes |
| Indian | 70.6 | Third largest, bordered by Asia, Africa, Australia |
| Southern (Antarctic) | 21.9 | Surrounds Antarctica |
| Arctic | 14.1 | Smallest, mostly frozen |
| Water Body | Location | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|
| Mediterranean Sea | Between Europe and Africa | Connects to Atlantic via Strait of Gibraltar |
| Red Sea | Between Africa and Arabia | Suez Canal connects it to Mediterranean |
| Caspian Sea | Central Asia | Largest enclosed body of water (lake technically) |
| Dead Sea | Jordan/Israel border | Lowest point on Earth's surface (-430m), extremely salty |
| Black Sea | Between Europe and Asia | Connected to Mediterranean via Bosphorus |
| Arabian Sea | South of Pakistan | Pakistan's 1,046 km coastline |
| River | Length (km) | Flows Through | Empties Into |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nile | 6,650 | Uganda, Sudan, Egypt | Mediterranean Sea |
| Amazon | 6,400 | Peru, Brazil | Atlantic Ocean |
| Yangtze | 6,300 | China | East China Sea |
| Mississippi-Missouri | 6,275 | USA | Gulf of Mexico |
| Yenisei | 5,539 | Mongolia, Russia | Arctic Ocean |
| Yellow (Huang He) | 5,464 | China | Bohai Sea |
| Ob-Irtysh | 5,410 | China, Kazakhstan, Russia | Arctic Ocean |
| Congo | 4,700 | Central Africa | Atlantic Ocean |
| Ganges | 2,525 | India, Bangladesh | Bay of Bengal |
| Indus | 3,180 | China, India, Pakistan | Arabian Sea |
| Mountain | Height (m) | Location | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Everest | 8,849 | Nepal/Tibet | Himalayas |
| K2 | 8,611 | Pakistan/China | Karakoram |
| Kangchenjunga | 8,586 | Nepal/India | Himalayas |
| Lhotse | 8,516 | Nepal/Tibet | Himalayas |
| Makalu | 8,485 | Nepal/Tibet | Himalayas |
| Kilimanjaro | 5,895 | Tanzania | Standalone (volcanic) |
| Mont Blanc | 4,808 | France/Italy | Alps |
| Denali (McKinley) | 6,190 | USA (Alaska) | Alaska Range |
| Continent | Peak | Height |
|---|---|---|
| Asia | Mount Everest | 8,849 m |
| South America | Aconcagua | 6,961 m |
| North America | Denali | 6,190 m |
| Africa | Kilimanjaro | 5,895 m |
| Europe | Elbrus | 5,642 m |
| Antarctica | Vinson Massif | 4,892 m |
| Australia | Puncak Jaya | 4,884 m |
| Desert | Location | Area (million sq km) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sahara | North Africa | 9.2 | Hot |
| Arabian | Middle East | 2.3 | Hot |
| Gobi | Mongolia/China | 1.3 | Cold |
| Kalahari | Southern Africa | 0.9 | Hot |
| Great Victoria | Australia | 0.7 | Hot |
| Thar | India/Pakistan | 0.2 | Hot |
| Atacama | Chile | Narrow strip | Driest hot desert |
| Strait/Canal | Connects | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|
| Strait of Hormuz | Persian Gulf - Gulf of Oman | 20% of world's oil passes through |
| Strait of Malacca | Indian Ocean - Pacific Ocean | Busiest shipping lane |
| Strait of Gibraltar | Mediterranean - Atlantic | 14 km wide, Europe-Africa divide |
| Bosphorus | Black Sea - Mediterranean | Divides Istanbul (Europe/Asia) |
| Suez Canal | Red Sea - Mediterranean | Opened 1869, Egypt, avoids sailing around Africa |
| Panama Canal | Atlantic - Pacific | Opened 1914, Panama, shortcut for shipping |
| Strait of Bab-el-Mandeb | Red Sea - Gulf of Aden | Strategic chokepoint near Yemen |
| Line | Between | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|
| Durand Line | Pakistan - Afghanistan | 2,670 km, drawn in 1893 |
| Radcliffe Line | India - Pakistan | Drawn in 1947 by Sir Cyril Radcliffe |
| McMahon Line | India - China | Disputed border in Arunachal Pradesh |
| 38th Parallel | North Korea - South Korea | Division since Korean War armistice |
| 49th Parallel | USA - Canada | Western border |
| Line of Control (LoC) | India - Pakistan (Kashmir) | Since Simla Agreement 1972 |
| Maginot Line | France - Germany | WWI/WWII defensive fortification |
Test your knowledge with interactive MCQs from actual CSS and PMS exam papers.
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