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Complete syllabus and preparation guide for CSS Group-IV History subjects for CE-2016 onwards. Detailed topics, periods, events, and recommended books for History of Pakistan & India, Islamic History, British History, European History, and USA History.
Group-IV includes five history subjects. CSS aspirants may select ONE or TWO subjects from this group, with combined marks not exceeding 200 marks. This comprehensive guide covers all history subjects.
| Code | Subject | Marks | MCQs | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | History of Pakistan & India | 100 | 20 | Pakistan Studies graduates |
| 26 | Islamic History & Culture | 100 | 20 | Islamic Studies graduates |
| 27 | British History | 100 | 20 | History enthusiasts |
| 28 | European History | 100 | 20 | History enthusiasts |
| 29 | History of USA | 100 | 20 | International relations students |
This is one of the most popular optional subjects due to its relevance to Pakistan Affairs.
Indus Valley Civilization:
Aryans:
Rise of Buddhism:
Arab Conquest of Sindh:
Ghaznavid Period:
Delhi Sultanate:
| Dynasty | Period | Key Rulers |
|---|---|---|
| Slave Dynasty | 1206-1290 | Qutbuddin Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia, Balban |
| Khilji Dynasty | 1290-1320 | Alauddin Khilji |
| Tughlaq Dynasty | 1320-1414 | Muhammad bin Tughlaq, Firoz Shah |
| Sayyid Dynasty | 1414-1451 | - |
| Lodi Dynasty | 1451-1526 | Ibrahim Lodi |
Mughal Empire:
| Ruler | Reign | Key Contributions |
|---|---|---|
| Babur | 1526-1530 | Foundation, military tactics |
| Humayun | 1530-1556 | Struggles, restoration |
| Akbar | 1556-1605 | Administration, Din-i-Ilahi |
| Jahangir | 1605-1627 | Art, justice |
| Shah Jahan | 1627-1658 | Architecture, Taj Mahal |
| Aurangzeb | 1658-1707 | Expansion, religious policy |
Decline of Mughal Empire:
Establishment of British Rule:
War of Independence 1857:
Muslim Response:
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan:
Constitutional Developments:
| Act/Reform | Year | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| Indian Councils Act | 1861 | Indians in councils |
| Indian Councils Act | 1892 | Election principle |
| Minto-Morley Reforms | 1909 | Separate electorates |
| Montagu-Chelmsford | 1919 | Dyarchy system |
| Government of India Act | 1935 | Provincial autonomy |
Muslim League:
Indian National Congress:
Pakistan Movement:
Role of Quaid-i-Azam:
Problems at Independence:
Constitution Making:
Political Developments:
| Period | Key Events |
|---|---|
| 1947-1958 | Political instability, frequent PM changes |
| 1958-1969 | Ayub Khan era, Basic Democracy |
| 1969-1971 | Yahya Khan, 1970 elections, Bangladesh |
| 1971-1977 | Bhutto era, nationalization, 1973 Constitution |
| 1977-1988 | Zia era, Islamization, Afghan war |
| 1988-1999 | Democratic period, Benazir, Nawaz |
| 1999-2008 | Musharraf era |
| 2008-present | Return to democracy |
Foreign Relations:
Economic Development:
| Book | Author |
|---|---|
| A Short History of Pakistan | I.H. Qureshi |
| Muslim Community of Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent | I.H. Qureshi |
| Struggle for Pakistan | I.H. Qureshi |
| Pakistan: A Modern History | Ian Talbot |
| History of Modern India | Bipin Chandra |
| Making of Pakistan | K.K. Aziz |
| Pakistan Movement | Ch. Muhammad Ali |
| Emergence of Pakistan | Ch. Muhammad Ali |
| Speeches and Statements of Quaid-i-Azam | Khurshid Ahmed |
| Freedom Movement in India | Tara Chand |
| India Wins Freedom | Abul Kalam Azad |
| A Nation Nobody Wanted | Leonard Mosley |
| Political History of Pakistan | K.B. Sayeed |
Islamic History covers the evolution of Islamic civilization from Prophet's time to modern era.
Pre-Islamic Arabia:
Life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH):
Pious Caliphate (Khilafat-e-Rashida):
| Caliph | Reign | Key Achievements |
|---|---|---|
| Abu Bakr (RA) | 632-634 | Wars of Apostasy, Compilation of Quran |
| Umar (RA) | 634-644 | Conquests, Administration, Hijri calendar |
| Uthman (RA) | 644-656 | Naval expansion, Standard Quran |
| Ali (RA) | 656-661 | Civil conflicts, Arbitration |
Conquests During Pious Caliphate:
Umayyad Caliphate (661-750):
Political History:
Expansion:
Administration:
Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258):
Political History:
Administration and Culture:
Important Figures:
| Field | Scholars |
|---|---|
| Theology | Al-Ash'ari, Al-Maturidi |
| Philosophy | Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina |
| Science | Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Razi, Ibn al-Haytham |
| History | Al-Tabari, Al-Masudi |
| Geography | Al-Idrisi, Ibn Battuta |
Political History:
Cultural Achievements:
Architecture:
Arts:
Science and Education:
Crusades:
Mongol Invasions:
Muslim India:
Ottoman Empire:
Modern Period:
| Book | Author |
|---|---|
| History of the Arabs | Philip K. Hitti |
| A Short History of the Saracens | Syed Amir Ali |
| The Preaching of Islam | T.W. Arnold |
| Muslim Civilization in India | S.M. Ikram |
| History of Islamic Art and Architecture | K.A.C. Creswell |
| History of Islam (3 Volumes) | Akbar Shah Najeebabadi |
| Al-Faruq: Life of Umar the Great | Shibli Nomani |
| The Spirit of Islam | Syed Amir Ali |
| Warriors of Islam | Mahmood Ahmad Ghaznavi |
| Muslim Political Thought | M.A. Ali |
British History covers from Tudors to modern Britain.
Tudor Dynasty (1485-1603):
| Ruler | Reign | Key Events |
|---|---|---|
| Henry VII | 1485-1509 | Foundation, financial reforms |
| Henry VIII | 1509-1547 | Reformation, Break with Rome |
| Edward VI | 1547-1553 | Protestant reforms |
| Mary I | 1553-1558 | Catholic restoration |
| Elizabeth I | 1558-1603 | Elizabethan era, Spanish Armada |
Key Themes:
Stuart Dynasty (1603-1714):
| Ruler | Reign | Key Events |
|---|---|---|
| James I | 1603-1625 | Union of crowns, Gunpowder Plot |
| Charles I | 1625-1649 | Civil War, execution |
| Commonwealth | 1649-1660 | Cromwell's rule |
| Charles II | 1660-1685 | Restoration |
| James II | 1685-1688 | Glorious Revolution |
| William & Mary | 1689-1702 | Constitutional monarchy |
| Anne | 1702-1714 | Union with Scotland |
English Civil War:
Georgian Period:
Wars and Empire:
Industrial Revolution:
Reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901):
Political Developments:
Social Reforms:
Foreign Policy:
Early Century:
World War II:
Post-War Britain:
Monarchy:
| Book | Author |
|---|---|
| A History of England | Goldwin Smith |
| The English Constitution | Walter Bagehot |
| History of England | G.M. Trevelyan |
| The Age of Revolution | Eric Hobsbawm |
| The Glorious Revolution | Tim Harris |
| A History of Modern Britain | Andrew Marr |
| The Victorian Age | J.L. Hammond |
| Britain Since 1945 | David Childs |
| Churchill | Martin Gilbert |
European History covers from Renaissance to modern times.
Renaissance:
Protestant Reformation:
Absolute Monarchies:
Dutch Republic:
Balance of Power:
French Revolution:
Napoleon Bonaparte:
Congress of Vienna:
1848 Revolutions:
Italian Unification:
German Unification:
Eastern Europe:
World War I:
Interwar Period:
World War II:
Post-War Europe:
| Book | Author |
|---|---|
| A History of Modern Europe | John Merriman |
| Europe Since Napoleon | David Thomson |
| The Age of Revolution | Eric Hobsbawm |
| The Age of Capital | Eric Hobsbawm |
| The Age of Empire | Eric Hobsbawm |
| Modern European History | William Duiker |
| The French Revolution | Christopher Hibbert |
| Europe Since 1870 | James Joll |
| History of Western Civilization | W.H. McNeill |
USA History covers American development from colonies to superpower.
Colonial America:
American Revolution:
Founding Fathers:
Early Republic:
Westward Expansion:
Civil War Era:
Gilded Age:
Progressive Era:
World War I:
1920s:
Great Depression:
World War II:
Cold War:
Civil Rights Movement:
Recent Decades:
Foreign Policy:
| Book | Author |
|---|---|
| A History of the American People | Paul Johnson |
| The Growth of the American Republic | Morison & Commager |
| A People's History of the United States | Howard Zinn |
| American Pageant | Thomas Bailey |
| Battle Cry of Freedom | James McPherson |
| The Glory and the Dream | William Manchester |
| The Cold War | John Lewis Gaddis |
| American Foreign Policy | Walter McDougall |
| A Short History of the United States | Robert Remini |
| Subject | Difficulty | Best For | Scoring Potential |
|---|---|---|---|
| History of Pakistan & India | Medium | Pakistan Studies graduates | High |
| Islamic History & Culture | Medium | Islamic Studies graduates | High |
| British History | Medium-High | History enthusiasts | Medium-High |
| European History | Medium-High | History enthusiasts | Medium |
| History of USA | Medium | IR, History students | Medium-High |
History of Pakistan and India is the most selected history subject due to:
Based on official FPSC CSS Syllabus for CE-2016 onwards. Always verify current syllabus from FPSC website.
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